This fourth multi-color edition has made learning more systematic. More details are added to old chapters keeping in mind the need for advanced data analysis in social science research. The usage of the popular statistical package SPSS has also been shown through many examples It is important to adopt an appropriate methodology in quality research The present book provides a basic and advanced-level discussion on research methodology so that the researchers may become familiar with the art of using research methods and techniques The book is intended to serve as a textbook for social science students at the graduate and postgraduate level. The book can be taken as a well- organised guide for researchers in social science and other areas. Dr. CR Kothari was the Principal, of the College of Commerce, and an Associate Professor in the Department of Economic Administration and Financial Management, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan (India). Dr. Gaurav Garg is Associate Professor in Decision Sciences Area, Indian Institute of Management, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh (India)